The Early History of the Israeli Internet

Israel Internet History 1 The Early History of the Israeli Internet Hank Nussbacher Tel Aviv June 2010 Israel Internet History 2 Internet precursors 0 Csnet — April 1984 O 9.6kb IP/x.25 connection O Bitnet/EARN — August 1984 O 9.6kb leased line to Europe O Email access to Internet hosts via gateway in USA aa) a (Eola Geographic Map, June 1, 1984 CSNET MEMBERS | @ PhoneNnet waterloo @ ARPANET toronto & X2SNET ever paar *Not Yet Online er Ds berkele @ uteh-20 decwrl* on ah @uni* OD purdue g cra-cs-s fru = ulowell* * colostate* @ ohto-state ; ’ rae hp-labs oe a® umcp _——unh feirchiid @ boulder & wat ~~ mitre ig Se = indiana - csnet-cic e ucse kansas-state @ @ vkans uk és @ucsb @unv utenn® —csnet-sh ucs vanderbilt @ mit-me randunix ., & clemson@ .@ usc-cse -csnet-relay ucia-cs uc — northeastern @uci Gem @nom okstale : ¥ Sq gatech ~-- umass-bosten @oms ti-csl uab@ ~~~ harv: 10 AEE = ct umiss umass-ece // ,s ~~ bostonu smu"@ e wang-inst~ / » ~ bbn- unix mec" @ tamu in @uii digital Fe sa utexas-20 ape —~8@ bu e brandeis — houston @® a uct hawaii* La = > csnet Israel Internet History 4 Csnet U U U Israel first international affiliate 9.6Kb X.25 link to CSNET via HUuJI O Ondemand connection ae (TCP/IP) access to CSNET X.25 Internet osts IP access to Arpanet/Internet hosts not permitted - DARPA policy O Policy relaxed in 1986 O Israel becomes part of Arpanet - 1989 Email (CSNET/Arpanet — Israel) via HUJI and CSNET gateways Prof. Shmuel Peleg and Danny Braniss Israel Internet History 5 1 City University of New York, USA 05/05/81 B it t 2 Yale University, USA 05/05/81 [ n e 3 Pennsylvania State University, USA 10/02/81 4 New Jersey Educational Computer Network, USA 01/19/82 5 Brown University, USA 01/20/82 6 Cornell University, USA 02/06/82 7 Princeton University, USA 03/29/82 : : 8 Columbia University, USA 05/03/82 The first Bitnet 9 Rockefeller University 06/01/82 & EARN connections 10 Boston University, USA 06/06/82 11 University of California at Berkeley, USA 07/18/82 12 University of California at San Francisco, USA 07/27/82 13 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA 08/05/82 14 University of Rochester, USA 08/25/82 15 State University of New York/Binghamton, USA 09/08/82 16 Harvard University, USA 09/16/82 70 IBM Israel Scientific Center, Haifa, IL 08/13/84 71 Technion - Haifa, IL 08/13/84 72 Haifa University, IL 08/13/84 73 Tel Aviv University, IL 08/13/84 74 Weizmann Institute of Science 08/13/84 Israel Internet History 6 Israel Internet History 7 Internet and int’! circuits O July 1989 - MACHBA orders the first int’! 56kb link to Nysernet in USA 0 Sept 1989 — Bezeq informs Machba that a 56kb link will not be available for another 10 months O MACHBA orders a 9.6kb link O Bezeq informs MACHBA that MACHBA has to find a US carrier for the other half — MCI is selected in Feb 1990 O June 26, 1990 — 9.6kb leased line Internet link to USA becomes operational Israel Internet History 8 Int’l advocates O Larry Landweber O Richard Mandelbaum O lra Fuchs O Mel Ciment See MmsINnA NDwp-nn nws nan (128,139.XX.XX) y290 - OPAVND 1970 - INN YN : Pry (0) 132.74.1.1 BIU - Bar Ilan University BGU - Ben-Gurion University ee “eee HAIFA - Haifa University HUJI - Hebrew University of Jerusalem TAU - Tel-Aviv University Sie TECHNION - Technion (Haifa) (1) 132.68.32.7 ' (2) 132.68.112.254 f WEIZMANN - Weizmann University (3) 132.68.160.25: (4) 132.68.16.254 (5) not connected (0) 128.139.4.231 (1) 132.65.1.1 (1) 13266321, i) sesapes i 3) 132.64.64.1 (2) not connected ¥ Os 132.64.32.1 (3) not connected (5) 132.64.254.1 (6) 132.64.126.1 (7) 132.64.144.1 225.2 (0) 128.139.12.231 19.2K 132.64.253.1 (0) 132.76.64.254 (1) not connected 128.145.56.2 not connected 128.145.56.1 Israel Internet History Int’l links O March 1991 — 64kb satellite link via Bezeq is made operational O Oct 1991 — 64kb link to Europe via Bezeq is made operational O Jan 1993 — 128kb satellite link via Israsat O Jan 1994 - Sat link to US upgraded to 256kb O Nov 1994 — Link to Europe upgraded to 128kb 0 Jun 2010 — 2x 2.5Gb to Europe Israel Internet History How ISPs got started in Israel O June 1991 meeting with Ministry of Science, Ministry of Trade and Ministry of Communications to convince MACHBA to allow commercial companies access to this “Internet” thing O MACHBA requests self-limitation in license for only R&D companies as well as education 0 Gov’t continues to try to convince MACHBA to handle not only leased line companies but also dialup. O Feb 20, 1992 —-MACHBA turns down gov’t to handle dialup users and recommends that gov’t issue licenses for companies to be formed O Gov’t accepts MACHBA’s view and issues at end of 1992 the first ISP licenses to Actcom, Dataserv and Netmanage Israel Internet History The birth of Israeli ISPs 0 Inter-ministry committee decides which companies can connect to MACHBA O During 1992-1994 - 50 companies allowed to connect to MACHBA and hundreds to the new ISPs | May 1994 — MoC grants open ISP licenses to Elron, Darcom, and Netmanage O 1995 — 5 ISPs exist — Elron, Netvision, Actcom, Shani and Dataserve Israel Internet History The first connections to the Internet - 1. KavManche connected on Dec 7, 1992 (9.6kb) - 2. IEC connected on Dec 9, 1992 (9.6kb) - 3. Open U upgraded to 19.2kb on Mar 3, 1993 - 4. E&M Michshoov connected on Mar 7, 1993 (9.6kb) - 5. BRM connected on Mar 8, 1993 (9.6kb) [BRM later became Checkpoint] - 6. Datasrv connected on Mar 21, 1993 (64kb) - 7. RAD connected on Mar 22, 1993 (19.2kb) - 8. BezekZahav connected on Apr 23, 1993 (19.2kb) - 9. Fibronics connected on May 4, 1993 (19.2kb) - 10. Lanoptics connected on May 4, 1993 (9.6kb) - 11. Applied Materials connected on May 4, 1993 (9.6kb) - 12. Aleph Yissum connected on May 12, 1993 (9.6kb) - 13. Onyx connected on May 23, 1993 (9.6kb) - 14. Actcom connected on June 10, 1993 (9.6kb) - 15. Bahai World Center connected on July 1, 1993 (64kb) - 16. Netmanage connected on July 21, 1993 (19.2kb) http://www. interall.co.il/israel-internet-connections.html Israel Internet History Cisco vs Lannet O Yehuda Zisappel pushed a new Bynet box called a “brouter” Oo LANNET U1 The academic network wanted a new box called Cisco U In the end we purchased the first polite Aa routers in Israel in 1989 b Israel Internet History IX 0 Gov’t informs MACHBA that all commercial companies have to be disconnected by May 1996 | Dec 31, 1995 - ISOC-IL decides to create an Israeli Internet Exchange modeled after similar US based systems O The IlX is born Israel Internet History * il domains O Decided on co.il, ac.il, org.il, etc. in 1992 O More formalized rules published in 1996 O The 1° Israeli domains O O ema huji.ac.il, tau.ac.il, bgu.ac.il, etc. — July Commercial ¢ iec.co.il — July 1992 Amutot ¢ matimop.org.il — Oct 1993 ISP ¢ actcom.net.il — Oct 1994 (bought out by Bezeaint) School ¢ misgav.k12.il — June 1995 (gone) Municipal ¢ ladpc.gov.il — July 1995 (changed to ladpc.co..il) Israel Internet History Internet Pioneers Prof Shmuel Peleg Danny Braniss Jo van Zwaren Doron Shikmoni Yehuda Zisapel MK Miki Eitan David Kaminitz Avi Cohen Hank Nussbacher Georges Meyer Morty Taragin Yehavi Bourvine Dov Winer Rafi Hoyda Zvi llani Toon oo ooo eo oe oo oo